Traumatic brain injury
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a brain injury caused by an external force and results in temporary or permanent disability
Symptoms may vary according to the severity of the injury and the stage of recovery. Seizures, contractures, spasticity, disturbed vision, smell, dizziness or vertigo may occur soon after the acute phase. Common late symptoms include memory deficits, attention, headaches, disruption of sleep/wake cycles, emotional lability, apathy, depression, fatigue, impulsiveness, anxiety, social and motor disinhibition.
Functional limitations involve motor disorders, with difficulty in mobility and/or self-care as a result of motor, coordination and activity planning deficits. Behavioural changes, with personality change and interpersonal relationships may occur. Often patients will be unable to return to work at their economic level and in family relationships.
Objectives of a rehabilitation program:
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Sensitive- motor re- education
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Relief from pain and spasticity
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Training of speech disorders, swallowing, vision, cognitive changes
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General physical reconditioning
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Functional training and day-to-day activities
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Improvement of gait, balance and coordination
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Prevention of vicious postures and contractures
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Teaching the sick and family
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Teaching and counselling of support products (orthotics, splints, etc.)
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Return to work activities , daily life and sports activities